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Allergies

Allergies affect at least two out of ten Americans. People with allergies have an immune system that overreacts to a substance in the environment — an allergen. Exposure to what is normally a harmless substance causes the immune system to react as if the substance were harmful. 

Although there are a number of different allergens, the most common are pollen, dust mites, mold, animal dander, insect stings, latex, and certain foods and medications. Sometimes allergies are inherited. Symptoms can range from mild (e.g., rash, hives) to severe (e.g., difficulty breathing, dizziness) reactions. 

Learn more about:

• Managing your condition
• Treatment options
• Resources
• My benefit coverage

This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. If you have any questions or concerns about a health condition, contact your doctor.

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Managing your condition

If you know what you are allergic to, you can proactively reduce exposure by following some of the steps below. However, if you are unsure what is causing an allergic reaction, you should discuss your problem with your doctor and explore treatment options. 

Steps to prevent allergy triggers in your home:

• If you’re allergic to pollen, keep your windows closed and use the air conditioner
• Clean your air filters and air ducts regularly
• Keep the humidity in your house below 50% to prevent mold growth
• Keep pets out of your bedroom, and bathe them frequently
• Store firewood outside
• Wash bedding in hot water every week
• Use a mask when cleaning and gardening
• Vacuum at least twice per week
• Install hardwood floors rather than carpeting.

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Treatment options

In addition to allergy-proofing your home, several types of over-the-counter and prescription drugs are available to help ease your symptoms. 

These include antihistamines, decongestants, combination medicines, corticosteroids, and others. Allergy shots, which gradually increase your ability to tolerate allergens, are also an alternative treatment.

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Resources

For more information on allergies, login to WebMD and visit the Allergy Condition Center.

Other helpful resources include:

• Allergies: Nothing to Sneeze At (Kaiser Permanente Web site)
• American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
• American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
• National Allergy Bureau
• Food and Drug Administration

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